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Investment:''Invest redirects here. For other uses, see Invest (disambiguation). |
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2005年10月31日
Investment
Investment[Finance]
2005年10月30日
Vintage
Vintage[Konwledge of Wine]
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Vintage:''For other uses, see vintage (disambiguation).''----, Jacob Philipp Hackert, c. 1784. In wine-making, vintage is the process of picking the grapes and creating the finished product.A vintage wine is one whose grapes were all grown in a single specified year, although common incorrect usage applies the term to any wine that is perceived to be particularly old or of a particularly high quality. However, in European countries only quality wine may carry a vintage designation. Many countries allow a vintage wine to include up to 5% wine not from the labeled vintage.The opposite of a vintage wine is a nonvintage wine, which is usually a blend from the produce of two or more years. |
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| Konwledge of Wine Renewal 2005.10.30
Tun (unit) / Clos vougeot / Vintner / P cont. / Wine cellar / APCOR / Bag in a box / Amphora / Heuriger / Wine bottle / Bottling line / Pomace wine / Angel's share / Barrel (storage) / !
Negociant / Lachryma Christi / Screwcap / Jug wine / Mulled wine / Butt (unit)
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2005年10月29日
Altitude sickness
Altitude sickness[Diseases]
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Altitude_sicknessAltitude sickness (also: ''acute mountain sickness'' (AMS) or ''altitude illness'') is a pathological condition that is caused by lack of adaptation to high altitudes. It commonly occurs above 2,440 metres (8,000 feet). The symptoms are headaches, fatigue (physical)|fatigue, shortness of breath, nausea, unsteadiness and dizziness, loss of appetite, insomnia, weakness and sometimes even seizures and coma. |
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2005年10月28日
Shoen
Shoen[Japanese terms]
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ShoenA ''shōen'' (荘園 or 庄園, ''shōen'') was a fief or manor in Japan. The term comes from the Japanese language and ultimately from the Tang dynasty Chinese language|Chinese term ''zhuangyuan''. After the decay of the ritsuryo|ritsuryō system in Japan, a feudal system of manors developed. Landowners or nameholders commended shares of the revenue produced (called ''shiki'') to more powerful leaders often at the court, in order to be spared of taxes and to subvert the Chinese-style "equal fields" system, whereby land was redistributed after certain periods of time. In the Kamakura period a hierarchy of nameholder, manor stewards (''jito|jitō''), ''shugo'' (military provincial governor), and the shogun in Kamakura had evolved. These shoen were completely free from interference from the government and therefore had no say or control of what occurred with in the shoen's boudaries.By the end of the Heian period virtually all Japanese land! had become ''shōen'' and continued to be through the Onin war|Ōnin War until the Sengoku period marked the defeudalization of Japanese society. |
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| Japanese terms Renewal 2005.10.28 |
2005年10月27日
Clinical surveillance
Clinical surveillance[Health care]
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Clinical_surveillanceIntroductionClinical surveillance refers to the act of surveilling a clinical syndrome that have a significant impact on public health. Such techniques have been used in particular for infectious diseases. Many large institutions, such as the WHO, or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, have created data bases, and modern computer systems that can tract and monitor emerging outbreaks of illnesses such as influenza, SARS, HIV, to biologic terrorism, such as the recent Anthrax attack on the post office system in the United States. Many states have cancer registries to monitor the incidence of cancers to determine the prevalence, and possible cause of these illnesses.Other illnesses such as chronic diseases such as obesity, and diabetes, as well as social illness such as domestic violence, are increasingly being integrated into epidemiologic data bases that are being used in Cost Benefit Analysis in determining governmental funding for research and prevent! ion. The benefits of such data cannot be underscored, but much of the statistics involves attaching worth to human lives, or years lived, with complex concepts as the converging of survival, quality of life, and productivity measures. The promotion of population based health care, that designed to reach an entire population, increasingly is integrated with converging registries, and outcomes increasingly being monitored as measurement of performance is a form of clinical surveillance. |
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2005年10月26日
Title insurance
Title insurance[Insurance]
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Title_insuranceA policy of title insurance is a contract of indemnity between the insurance company and the owner of an interest in real property. In plain English, this means that in the event that the insured owner of an interest in the insured property suffers an actual or threatened monetary loss, due to a title defect, lien or other matter of public record created prior to the effective date of the policy, that is not excluded as an exception to the policy, the title insurer will defend the insured against a lawsuit attacking the title, or reimburse the insured for the actual monetary loss incurred, up to the dollar amount of insurance provided by the policy. Typically the real property interests insured are fee simple ownership or a mortgage. However, title insurance can be purchased to insure any interest in real property, including an easement, lease or life estate.Title insurance differs in several respects from other types of insurance. Where most insurance is the contractual "! coverage" where one party indemnity|indemnifies or guarantees another party against a possible specific type of loss (such as an accident or death) at a future date, title insurance attempts to detect, prevent, and eliminate risks and losses caused by title problems which have their source in past events. Title companies attempt to achieve this by searching public records to develop and document the chain of title and to detect whether there are any adverse claims on the subject property. Any issues found are either fixed before issuing the title policy or the coverage is specifically written to exclude those items. Title insurers typically pay a very low percentage of their premium revenue out in claims in a given year; industry averages are 5 to 10%. Just as lenders require hazard (fire) insurance and other types of insurance coverage to protect their investment, most first lien lenders will also require title insurance as security for their investment in real estate. ! Junior mortgage lenders may depending on the amount of the loa! n choose to rely on a title search which typically provides less legal assurances to the lender than the full title insurance policy.There are two basic kinds of title insurance: |
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2005年10月25日
Chronic fatigue syndrome
Chronic fatigue syndrome[Diseases]
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Chronic_fatigue_syndromeChronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), also known as myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME), post-viral fatigue syndrome (PVFS) and various other names, is an organic disorder of unknown and possibly multiple etiology, affecting the central nervous system (CNS), immune system, and many other functions. CFS is characterized by a number of features, the most common and notable one being severe mental and physical fatigue (physical)|fatigue, which is unrelieved by rest, and usually made worse by even modest exertion. It is currently considered by most authorities to be incurable, although some cases resolve or improve over time, and treatments bring a degree of improvement to many others. |
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| Diseases Renewal 2005.10.25
Epidermolysis bullosa / List of songs about disease / Argyria / Heart rot / Lipedema / Caput medusae / Dysgeusia / Low back pain / Disease / Immunodeficiency / Irritable Male Syndrome / Broken wind / Paragonimiasis / Mycetoma / Veno-occlusive disease / Balanitis xerotica obliterans / Intersection syndrome / Altitude sickness / Bursitis / Nosema apis
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2005年10月24日
Investor profile
Investor profile[Finance]
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Investor_profileAn investor profile or style defines an investor preferences in money decisions, for example: * Short term trading or Long term holding * Risk averse or risk tolerant / seeker * All classes of assets or just one (stocks for example) * Value or growth stocks, big cap or small cap stocks, defensive or cyclical stocks... * Use or not of derivatives * Home turf or international diversification * Hands on, or via investment funds * and so on. |
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2005年10月23日
Private Mortgage Insurance
Private Mortgage Insurance[Insurance]
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Private_Mortgage_InsurancePMI is Private Mortgage Insurance. It is generally required in the U.S. for home loans which are greater than 80% of the purchase price of the home. PMI can be avoided by receiving an alternate form of housing such as an 80/20. |
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2005年10月20日
Adonis (plant)
Adonis (plant)[American actor]
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Adonis_(plant)*''Adonis aestivalis'' - Summer Pheasant's eye *''Adonis annua'' - Blooddrops *''Adonis vernalis'' - Spring Pheasant's eye ''Adonis'' is a genus of plant belonging to the buttercup family Ranunculaceae. They grow wild in Europe and Asia. They are sometimes cultivated in gardens in North America. Some types of Adonis plants may grow 1 foot high. Their flowers are red, yellow and orange and have 5-16 pedals. The pheasants-eye, has flowers with bright red pedals. |
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| American actor Renewal 2005.10.20
Kniphofia / Passion flower / Pincushion (plant) / Rhododendron 'President Roosevelt' / Bronze Charm / Liparophyllum / Seed company / Shrubby Cinquefoil / Dog's Mercury / Pasque flower / Pelargonium / Orange lily / Flag iris / Spanish bluebell / Matilija poppy / Lilium / Hippeastrum / Lippia nodiflora / Lilium humboldtii / Cranesbill
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2005年10月19日
P cont.
P cont.[Konwledge of Wine]
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| Konwledge of Wine Renewal 2005.10.19
Oz Clarke / Cooking wine / Terroir / Butt (unit) / Cercle des Amateurs de Vin / Negociant / Varietal / Winery / Lachryma Christi / Mulled wine / Corkscrew (tool) / Cork (material) / Moscatel / Heidelberg Tun / Angel's share / National Wine Centre of Australia / Wine / Cork taint / Vintage / Clos vougeot
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2005年10月18日
Château Léoville-Barton
Château Léoville-Barton[wine]
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2005年10月17日
Puncheon
Puncheon[Konwledge of Wine]
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PuncheonThe puncheon, in the United States also called pon for brevity, is an old English unit of wine casks, holding about 1 E-1 m?|318 litres. It is also known as tertian (from the Latin word for ''third''), because three of it make a tun (unit)|tun, and as the (wine) firkin. |
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| Konwledge of Wine Renewal 2005.10.17
Bottle variation / Cork (material) / Bottle / Vintner / Cleanskin / Tun (unit) / Pomace wine / Tierce / National Wine Centre of Australia / Oz Clarke / Dessert wine / Negociant / Win!
e and food matching / Cellar door / Master of Wine / Robert M. Parker, Jr. / Bottling line / Champagne flute / Vin gris / Barrel (storage)
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2005年10月16日
Imagine Software (US)
Imagine Software (US)[Finance]
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Imagine_Software_(US):''For the British company, see Imagine Software''Imagine Software Inc., founded in 1993 in New York City, is the developer of the Imagine Trading System, real time trading and risk-management software for managing equity and fixed income instruments. Imagine Software Inc. also runs derivatives.com which is an Application service provider|ASP for an internet hosted version of the Imagine Trading System. |
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2005年10月15日
Viatical
Viatical[Insurance]
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ViaticalA Viatical settlement is the sale of a life insurance policy by the Insurance contract|policy owner, before the policy matures. Such a sale, at a price discounted from the face amount of the policy but usually in excess of the premiums paid or current cash surrender value, provides the seller an immediate cash settlement. Generally, viatical settlements involve insured individuals with a life expectancy of less than two years. Some people are also familiar with life settlements, which are similar transactions but involve insureds with longer life expectancies (two to twelve years).A viatical settlement can be an innovative wealth and estate planning tool under the right circumstances. It also essentially creates an open market for redemption of a policy. For example, if the only place you could sell your Ford Motor Company stock was to Ford you would not get that much for it. The same applies to the value of an insurance policy. As long as life insurance has been aro! und, the only place to redeem your policy was from the issuer. Now, much to the chagrin of the life insurance industry, there is an open market to determine a policy's value. From the perspective of the investor, purchasing a viatical settlement is similar to buying a bond with a negative coupon and an uncertain redeption date. The return depends on the seller's life expectancy and when he or she dies.Viatical settlements grew in popularity in the United States in the late 1980s, when the AIDS epidemic first hit. The early victims of AIDS in the U.S. were largely gay men, many of whom were not particularly old. They often had no wives or children (the traditional dependents in a life insurance policy), but they had life insurance policies through employment or due to other investment activity. The dependents on the policies were often their parents who did not need the money. Viatical settlements offered a way to extract value from the policy while the policyholder was! still alive.At the time, the AIDS mortality rate was very hig! h, and l ife expectancy after diagnosis was typically short. Investors were reasonably sure that they would collect in a relatively short time. This combination of events caused a surge in viatical settlements as both investors and viators saw an opportunity for mutual benefit.Viatical settlements eventually developed a bad reputation in the investing community. The companies that purchased them from policy holders typically resold them to individual investors. Salesmen were paid large commissions to push the settlements, which were not conventional investments and which were misunderstood by many investors. The government regulatory agencies had little experience and few regulations dealing with viatical settlements, and the industry attracted some unscrupulous dealers.Despite the bad experience of some investors, viatical settlements remain an often valuable tool for the personal financial management of many ill people. A 2002 study showed that among hospice financial counsel! ors who have had experience with viatical settlements, most report positive experiences. |
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2005年10月14日
Sensei
Sensei[Japanese terms]
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SenseiSensei in Japanese Sensei (先生) is a generic Japanese language|Japanese term for "master", "teacher" or "doctor". It can be used to refer to any authority figure, such as schoolteacher, professor, priest, lawyer, or politician. It can be used on both genders.Sensei is most commonly used in a school, by both students and teachers and is considered a more friendly term than calling him or her by the family name plus sensei (as an Japanese honorifics|honorific). A male teacher Ichiro Tanaka would initially be called "Tanaka Sensei" by his students and after a while, students switch to "Sensei" or "Ichiro Sensei" depending on how Tanaka sensei would like to be called. Fellow teachers may call each other sensei after getting familiar, but when they consider each other friends, they usually start calling each other by the family name alone, the first name, or by a nickname. Females are more likely to call each other by the first name after becoming friends.Sensei of martial arts usuall! y live and/or work at a dojo, where they teach their skills to their student|apprentices. However, such teachers, especially in fictions written by and for Japanese, are more commonly referred to as ''Shishō'' (師匠) or ''Shihan'' (師範). As both of them are usually translated as ''master'', using sensei would be considered derogatory and insulting. In an humor filled fiction or as a comic relief, such masters would make a comical appeal that their students must call them shisho and not sensei. It is mostly forgotten or ignored by their students.In Sanbo Kyodan related Zen schools, sensei is normally used to refer to ordained teachers below the rank of roshi. However, other Zen Buddhists use the term for any priest regardless of seniority.See also: O-senseiVarious styles of Karate, both Okinawan and Japanese, might use various titles for some of the more senior sensei within the style. The following explanations assume that judan (10th degree ! black belt) is the top rank within a style, and these are loos! ely defi ned. The title of renshi, refers to an advanced instructor. This title can be awarded to those of 5th or 6th dan ranking. The title of kyoshi, refers to a master instructor, sometimes being seen as the equivalent of a professor. This title can be awarded to those of 7th or 8th dan ranking. The title of hanshi, refers to the senior instructor of instructors. This title is only awarded to those of 9th or 10th dan ranking, usually by the menkyo-kaiden, and in many styles, there can only be one who holds a hanshi's title. |
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| Japanese terms Renewal 2005.10.14 |
2005年10月13日
Crème de menthe
Crème de menthe[Alcoholic beverages]
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Crème_de_mentheCreme de menthe is a sweet spearmint-flavored liqueur. It is available commercially in two versions: clear (called "white") and green. Both varieties have similar flavors, and are interchangeable in recipes (except where the color is important). Creme de menthe is used as an ingredient in several cocktails, such as the "grasshopper" and the vodka stinger, but it is also served as an after-dinner drink, or used in dessert recipes. |
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| Alcoholic beverages Renewal 2005.10.13
Palm wine / Beer / Cauim / Chambord (liqueur) / Corn liquor / Glogg / Chicha / Pulque / Galliano (drink) / Awamori / Brandy / Tsipouro / Rum / Plymouth Gin / Alcopop / Cement Mixer (shot) / Perry / Gammel Dansk / Soju / WKD
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2005年10月12日
Château Lynch-Bages
Château Lynch-Bages[wine]
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2005年10月11日
Earthquake insurance
Earthquake insurance[Insurance]
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Earthquake_insuranceEarthquake insurance is a form of property insurance that pays the policyholder in the event of an earthquake that causes damage to the property. Most ordinary homeowners insurance policies do not cover earthquake damage.Most earthquake insurance policies feature a high deductible, which makes this type of insurance useful if the entire home is destroyed, but not useful if the home is merely damaged. Rates depend on location and the probability of an earthquake. Rates may be cheaper for homes made of wood, which withstand earthquakes better than homes made of brick.As with flood insurance or insurance on damage from a hurricane or other large-scale disasters, insurance companies must be careful when assigning this type of insurance, because an earthquake strong enough to destroy one home will probably destroy dozens of homes in the same area. If one company has written insurance policies on a large number of homes in a particular city, then a devastating earthquake will ! quickly drain all the company's resources. Insurance companies devote much study and effort toward risk management to avoid such cases. CaliforniaEarthquake insurance has become a political issue in California, whose residents purchase more earthquake insurance than residents of any other state in the United States of America|U.S. After the 1994 Northridge earthquake, nearly all insurance companies completely stopped writing homeowners' insurance policies altogether in the state, because under California law (the "mandatory offer law"), companies offering homeowners' insurance must also offer earthquake insurance. Eventually the legislature created a "mini policy" that could be sold by any insurer to comply with the mandatory offer law: only structural damage need be covered, with a 15% deductible. Claims on personal property losses and "loss of use" are limited. The legislature also created a quasi-public (privately funded, publicly managed) agency called th! e CEA California Earthquake Authority. Membership in the CEA ! by insur ers is voluntary and member companies satisfy the mandatory offer law by selling the CEA mini policy. Premiums are paid to the insurer, and then pooled in the CEA to cover claims from homeowners with a CEA policy from member insurers. The state of California specifically states that it does not back up CEA earthquake insurance, in the event that claims from a major earthquake were to drain all CEA funds, nor will it cover claims from non-CEA insurers if they were to become insolvent due to earthquake losses. [http://www.earthquakeauthority.com/about/about.html#top]JapanThe government of Japan created the "Japanese Earthquake Reinsurance" scheme in 1966, and the scheme has been revised several times since. Homeowners may buy earthquake insurance from an insurance company, usually as an optional rider to a fire insurance policy. Insurers enrolled in the JER scheme who have to pay earthquake claims to homeowners share the risk among themselves and also the govern! ment, through the JER. The government pays a much larger proportion of the claims if a single earthquake causes aggregate damage of over about 1 trillion yen. The maximum payout in a single year to all JER insurance claim filers is 4.5 trillion yen; if claims exceed this amount, then the claims are pro-rated among all claimants. |
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2005年10月10日
Uchi-deshi
Uchi-deshi[Japanese terms]
Uchi-deshiUchi-deshi (内弟子) is a Japanese language|Japanese term for a live-in student who trains under and assists a sensei, or master, on a full-time basis. (From ''uchi'' for ''inside'' and ''deshi'' for ''student''). |
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| Japanese terms Renewal 2005.10.10 |
